Improvement in the grates and doors of open-grate or parlor stoves



2 Sheets--Sheet 1.

EDWARD BROWN. Base Burning Stove.

PatenteqZMarch 5, 1872.

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UNITED 'STA'.EESY

,1PA-TENT QFFICE,

EDWARD BROWN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification forming part' of Letters Patent No. 194,325, dated March 5, 1872.

Specification describing certain Improvements in Parlor-Stoves, invented by EDWARD BROWN, 311 Walnut street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

My invention relates to the construction of parlor-stoves, generally known as open-'grate stoves 5 and the improvement consists chiefly in the arrangement and operation of the door ofthe stove. This is accomplished by inclining the door inward, and making its lower edge terminate upon or near the surface ofthe tire, so as to obstruct the draught from pass ing so freely over it, and forcing it through the tire, thereby obtaining a direct radiation from the surface of a constantly bright iire, preventing' the cooling of the room caused by the rushing of a large body of air over the lire, and yet permitting suiiicient to maintain a healthful circulation in the room. A small stove will thus warm a much larger room than when constructed in the usual manner with sliding doors, or without any doors at all. To make this door additionally useful, I have so hinged it that it will accomplishA the purpose above described, and also act as a blower to draw up the tire, or as a shield to prevent the lire from scorching the furniture, as sometimes happens with opengrates.

There are also several other min or improvements introduced, which contribute to the general improvement of the stove-viz., the construction of the lire-grate, and its arrangement in combination with the ashpit and drawer; also, the arrangement of a reservoir wit-hin the stove in combination with these improvements.

Referring to the drawing, Figure 1 is a secltion through the interior of the stove on the line u c. Fig. 2 is a front view of the stove. Fig. 3 is a plan of the top. Fig. 4. is a front view of the door. Fi if. 5 is a horizontal section on the line X Y. Fig. 6 is a section, showing the stove adapted to a reservoir and a different arrangement of grate. Fig. 7 is a similar section with the reservoir moved more to the. front. Fig. 8 is a similar section, showing the door hung from a diiierent point. FiO. 9 is a side view, showing the door operated by a side .rm. Fig. lO is a front view ofthe reservoir. Y

I catastttft my stove with a sheet-iron casing, A, having a stove-pipe, B, with a damper in it. (See Fie'. l.) The lower part of the casing conta-ins the nre-pot D, which is made high at the back, and the front'is closed by a bar or bars, m, so that the coals can be banked upon an incline, thereby showing the surface of the fire to better advantage. The lire is retained in front by a bar or bars, m, running across. The grate n is shown close to the lirepot at the back, and at the front it is at a dis# tance of about one and a half inches belowr the bar m, so as to leave room for the removal of slate and clinkers without dumping the fire. The grate extends sutliciently beyond the bar m to prevent the coals falling out. The ashes, which fall upon the grated plate E, pass through into the cast-iron base G, and can be removed after lifting out the plate E. J is a dam1' er-plate, which is put on at night to check the draught through the grate n andprevent the lire burning out. This damper J may be hinged to the plate E and have mica windows in it. In the front of the casingA is a large rectangular opening', l-l, through which the iire is seen and the coals are put on.

The advantages of the open-grate lire are n in the direct radiation of the heat from th... coa-ls, and also in the cheerful effect producen. by the lightt'rom them. There has been, how

ever, a. difficulty in combining these result@I heretofore. As soon as the doors a-re removed from the opening II, the draught passes over the iire direct into the chimney, and the fire becomes dull, and the room is rapidly cooled oft'.

To obviate this I suspend the door K, by pivots K1, at its upper edge. These pivot.; rest in half-round sockets p2 cast on thc front of the stove. The door, heilig' thus hung, capable of heilig' placed in a perpendicular position, so as to force all the draught through the tire. Then, when the tire is bright, I place the door inclined inward, as shown in Fig. l. It is retained in this position by means of a short arm, K2, having a link, K3, which falls against the ratchet K4 on the stove-front..v

When the door is in this position, the lire can be seen by persons in the room, and the direct radiation will take place just as if there was no door at all. At the same time, by the closeness of the lower edge of the door to the re, the air from the room is very much prevented from rushing up the chimney, and a better draught is iliade. through the fire from below, thus keeping the surface of the lire bright and cheerful. On the lower edge of the door is a sliding plate, p, operated by the rod p1. This is used to lengthen the door nearer to the coals when necessary.

It is obvious that the inclined door K may be fixed rigidly to the stove in the posit-ion shown in Fi 0'. l, and the ordinary sliding doors, as at present in use, retained to blow up the fire; or it can slide in an inclined groove on each side of the opening, like a sliding damper.

If the arm K2, which ope ates the door, is fixed on one. of the pivots at the side, as shown at K5, Fig. 9, and in section at Fig. 7, the door can then be inclined outwa-rd to act as a guard or shield against the rays from the re scorching the furniture of a-room. this guard being frequently necessary with open grates.

In Fig. S is seen the inclined door L hinged, by means of the. arms or wings s1, upon the pivots s, one of each being on each side. ot' the opening. The door naturally assumes the position shown in this ligure byits own gravity.

It can, however, be tilted over to the reverse position, shown by the dotted lines, so as to act as ashield when the heat is too great; or it can be lifted otl the pivots s and placed upon the supports s2, so as to act as a blower, thus performing all the functions of the door shown in the Figs. (5 and 7, except that it cannot be regulated to such eXactness.

Vhen the sides ofthe tire-pot l) are fiat, as shown in Fie. 5, not much air will escape past the sides ot' the doors K and L; but, it the tire-pot be circular, the wings s1, shown in Fig. 8, are required to be secured to the doors or the inside ot' the stove, to prevent the air passing on each side. When the door L is hinged, as shown in Fig. 8, by curving the upper projecting part to the radius of the pivot s, the lower end of the door will adjust itself to the level ot' the surface of the tire without the need ot' the sliding plate p. A shield, li, is placed in front ot the chimney to throw the heat more to the front ot' the stove, and util ize it better than if the heat passed direct into the chimney. The direction of the draught is shown by the arrows.

Fig. shows my stove with a reservoir of coal, Z, adapted to it. This reservoiris circular at the top, spreading out fairshaped at the bottom, (see Fig. 10,) so as to extend nearly across the lire-pot and close to the back. There is space left between the lower edge of the door K and the reservoir for the passage ofthe gases. The grate is here shown immediately above the ash-box G, the air being admitted through the register t. The ashes :fall into the pan g1, and are taken out through door g2.

In Fig. 7 the reservoir Z is shown more to the front of the stove, space being left at the rearfor the escape of smoke and gases. The, lower endet' the door K in this case touches the reservoir Z. The grate n is here placed so that there is an opening, u', both in front and rear, for the removal of clinkers. This grate slides out upon the guides c, (one ot' which is on each side of the stove,) so that all the lire can be dumped at once. The door can be polished bright so as to retlect the lire, or it can have mica windows in it, so that the fire may be seen in whatever position the door may be.

In feeding the re when there is no reservoir, the door K is rst thrown into a horizontal position, and then let fall into whatever position is desired; or the coals can be thrown iirst to the back of the stove through the npper door T, shown in Fig. S. a is a register for admitting air. This door K can a-lso be applied to low-down grates, it' the front circle is made to coliform to the rectangular opening H, herein described, as also to iireplace heaters. A stove constructed in this manner combines the advantages of the lowdown grate with those obtained in stoves like the. Morning Grlory.7

The direct and healthful radiation of the heat is obtained from a constantly bright iire. The draught through the room, common to open low-down gratos, is much modified, and much of the heat which passes upward with the gases is available for warming the room through the casing A of the upper part ofthe stove.

I do not claim an inclined shelf terminating beneath the main body ofthe iire, so as to form a dump-hole for the removal of ashes. My inclined door terminates at the surface or above the main body ot' the iire, for the purpose of checking the draught over the lire, the main body ot' the tire. being contained below in a iire-pot, or lire-pot with front bars, as previously described. Neither do l claim the reservoir by itself, or the grate c, placed at a distance from the lire-pot, and extending beyoud it. v

What I claim is- 1. The inclined door K, terminating above the surface of the tire, in combination with a tire-pot, or a tire-pot, l), and front bars m, as and for the purpose herein described.

2. The, inclined and adjustable door K, provided with the lengtheningslide p,for adjusting its length to the height of the coals or the tire-bar m, as herein described.

3. The door K, hung so as to swing vert-icf ally, and adjustable to a position inclininginward, or in a perpendicular position as a blower, or an outward inclination as a shield, silbstantially as shown in Fie'. 9, and herein described.

4. The door L, with side wings s1, to prevent the passage ot' the air under the sides of the door, substantially as shown in Fig. 8, and herein described.

5. The door L, hinged upon the pivots s, as

shown in Fig. 8, and reversible, so as to act. inclined and adjustable door K, and the fireas :i shield or as 'fr blower, as herein described. pot D, all arranged. and operating as herein 6. The combination and arrangement ofthe described.

inclined door K, the fire-pot D, andthe grate EDWD. BROWN.

u, extending beyond the lower mouth of the lire-poi, substantially as herein shown and de- Witnesses: 4

scribed. PARK MFARLAND, Jr.,

7. The combination of the reservoir Z, the JOHN F. GRANT. 

